The technical principles and applications of the Base58 Codec framework in the Java class library
Base58 is a encoding format that is often used to convert any length of binary data into readable string.It is particularly suitable for the address and private key of cryptocurrencies.Base58 encoding is different from the hexadecimal and base64 encoding because it excludes confusing characters, such as 0, O, i, and L, and+and/this special character.
Technical principle:
The technical principles of Base58 encoded mainly involve the following steps:
1. Create a base58 character set: Create a character set containing 58 characters, these characters can be used by base58 encoding.This character set excluded the easily confusing characters and sorted it in dictionary.
2. Convert the input data to decimal: convert the input binary data into a large integer and use decimal representation.
3. Perform the Base58 coding of the decimal number: Use the Base58 character set just created to convert the large integer to the BASE58 string.This requires an integer to be continuously removed by 58, and records the remainder of each division, and adds the corresponding Base58 character to the beginning of the result string.The final string obtained is the result of the base58 encoding.
4. Processing Foreign Director 0: If there are 0 bytes in the input data, after the base58 encoding, the output result will also have a corresponding number of front -guide letters 1.In order to avoid this, remove the 0 -by -zero -byte before the basic 58 coding, and add the corresponding quantity Base58 character 1 to the converted character string.
application:
The base58 encoding is widely used in many cryptocurrencies and blockchain systems.
1. Bitcoin address: The address in Bitcoin is expressed in base58 encoding.The private key can also be converted into a readable format through the base58 encoding.
2. IPFS: IPFS (Interplanetry File System) uses base58 encoding as a representation form of its only file identifier.This makes it easier for file hash to use and share.
3. Unit test: Base58 coding is also often used to write unit tests to verify the correctness of Base58 encoding and decoding.
The following is an example code that uses Java to implement Base58 encoding and decoding:
import java.math.BigInteger;
import java.util.Arrays;
public class Base58Codec {
private static final String BASE58_CHARS = "123456789ABCDEFGHJKLMNPQRSTUVWXYZabcdefghijkmnopqrstuvwxyz";
public static String encode(byte[] input) {
BigInteger number = new BigInteger(1, input);
StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();
while (number.compareTo(BigInteger.ZERO) != 0) {
int remainder = number.mod(BigInteger.valueOf(58)).intValue();
sb.insert(0, BASE58_CHARS.charAt(remainder));
number = number.divide(BigInteger.valueOf(58));
}
for (byte b : input) {
if (b == 0) {
sb.insert(0, BASE58_CHARS.charAt(0));
} else {
break;
}
}
return sb.toString();
}
public static byte[] decode(String input) {
BigInteger number = BigInteger.ZERO;
for (int i = 0; i < input.length(); i++) {
number = number.multiply(BigInteger.valueOf(58));
int digit = BASE58_CHARS.indexOf(input.charAt(i));
if (digit == -1) {
throw new IllegalArgumentException("Invalid character: " + input.charAt(i));
}
number = number.add(BigInteger.valueOf(digit));
}
byte[] bytes = number.toByteArray();
int leadingZeros = 0;
for (int i = 0; i < input.length(); i++) {
if (input.charAt(i) == BASE58_CHARS.charAt(0)) {
leadingZeros++;
} else {
break;
}
}
byte[] decodedBytes = new byte[bytes.length - leadingZeros];
System.arraycopy(bytes, leadingZeros, decodedBytes, 0, decodedBytes.length);
return decodedBytes;
}
public static void main(String[] args) {
String inputString = "Hello World!";
byte[] input = inputString.getBytes();
String encodedString = encode(input);
byte[] decodedData = decode(encodedString);
String decodedString = new String(decodedData);
System.out.println("Original String: " + inputString);
System.out.println("Base58 Encoded String: " + encodedString);
System.out.println("Base58 Decoded String: " + decodedString);
}
}
This example code demonstrates how the base58 encoding and decoding is implemented in Java.It uses the Biginteger class to process large integer operations in order to support longer input data.In the above examples, we convert the "Hello World!" String to the base58 encoding, and then decoding to verify the correctness of the base58 encoding.The output results will display the original string, the string coded by Base58 and the decoding string.
