How Java uses Thrift serialization and deserialization
Apache Thrift is an extensible, cross language communication framework for efficient network communication and data transmission. It allows developers to use a simple definition file to define data types and services, and automatically generate code for different programming languages. Thrift supports multiple programming languages, including Java, C++, Python, and provides high-performance serialization and deserialization capabilities.
During the process of Thrift serialization and deserialization, objects are converted into byte streams for transmission, enabling data exchange between different programming languages. Thrift defines a binary protocol called TBinaryProtocol as the default serialization protocol, which transfers data in the form of byte streams.
To use Thrift for serialization and deserialization in Java, it is necessary to first define the data type and service, and use the Thrift compiler to generate Java code. Then, the generated Java code can be used for serialization and deserialization operations.
The following are common methods and Java example code for serialization and deserialization using Thrift:
1. Define the Thrift data type:
The Thrift data type definition file usually uses the Thrift file suffix name, as shown in the following example:
thrift
namespace java com.example.thrift
struct Person {
1: required string name,
2: optional i32 age,
}
2. Use the Thrift compiler to generate Java code:
You can use the Thrift compiler to compile defined data types into Java code. Use the following command on the command line:
thrift --gen java example.thrift
The generated Java code will be placed in the specified package path.
3. Serialization and Deserialization:
Use the generated Java code for serialization and deserialization operations. The example code is as follows:
import com.example.thrift.Person;
import org.apache.thrift.protocol.TBinaryProtocol;
import org.apache.thrift.transport.TIOStreamTransport;
import org.apache.thrift.transport.TMemoryBuffer;
import java.io.ByteArrayInputStream;
import java.io.ByteArrayOutputStream;
public class ThriftSerializationExample {
public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
// Create a Thrift object
Person person = new Person();
person.setName("Alice");
person.setAge(25);
// Serialize the Thrift object
TMemoryBuffer buffer = new TMemoryBuffer(1024);
TBinaryProtocol protocol = new TBinaryProtocol.Factory().getProtocol(buffer);
person.write(protocol);
byte[] serializedData = buffer.toByteArray();
System.out.println("Serialized data: " + new String(serializedData));
// Deserialize the Thrift object
ByteArrayInputStream inputStream = new ByteArrayInputStream(serializedData);
TIOStreamTransport transport = new TIOStreamTransport(inputStream);
TBinaryProtocol deserializer = new TBinaryProtocol.Factory().getProtocol(transport);
Person deserializedPerson = new Person();
deserializedPerson.read(deserializer);
System.out.println("Deserialized person: " + deserializedPerson.getName() + ", " + deserializedPerson.getAge());
}
}
In the above example, we created a Thrift object named Person and set the name and age attributes. Then, we serialize using TMemoryBuffer and write the Thrift object to the buffer. Next, we obtain the serialized byte array and print it out.
Then, we use ByteArrayInputStream to take the byte array as the input stream and create a TIOStreamTransport for data transfer. Next, we use TBinaryProtocol for deserialization to read the Thrift object data from the input stream.
Finally, we can obtain the data before serialization by accessing the properties of the deserialized Thrift object.
If you need to use Thrift's Java library, you can add the following Maven dependencies to the pom.xml file of the project:
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.apache.thrift</groupId>
<artifactId>libthrift</artifactId>
<version>0.14.1</version>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
The above is a brief introduction and sample code for serialization and deserialization using Thrift. The specific usage can be adjusted and expanded according to the actual situation.
