The technical principles of Excalibur Collections framework in the Java library analysis

The technical principles of Excalibur Collections framework in the Java library analysis Excalibur Collections is a Java -based open source framework that aims to provide efficient collection data structures and algorithms for developers to use in Java applications.Many optimized algorithms and data structures are implemented inside the framework to improve the performance and efficiency of the collection operation. The core principle of Excalibur Collections is to minimize memory occupation and reduce operating time complexity as much as possible.The following is the analysis of several key technical principles of the framework: 1. Compressed storage structure: EXCALIBUR Collections uses bit operations and compression algorithms to save memory space.For example, it uses the BitSet class to represent a sparse collection, which only retains the required bit, thereby reducing memory occupation. Below is a BitSet example using Excalibur Collections: BitSet bitSet = new BitSet(); bitSet.set(0); bitSet.set(2); bitSet.set(4); System.out.println (bitset.get (0)); // Output true System.out.println (bitset.get (1)); // Output false System.out.println (bitset.get (2)); // Output true 2. Data -based data structure: EXCALIBUR Collections uses the bitmap data structure to store large -scale data sets, such as to indicate a collection of large -scale or Boolean values.The bitmap can achieve efficient setting operations through the bit operation, such as intersection, combined and supplementary. The following is an example of the bitmap collection of the use of Excalibur Collection: IntSet intSet1 = new IntBitSet(); intSet1.add(1); intSet1.add(2); intSet1.add(3); IntSet intSet2 = new IntBitSet(); intSet2.add(2); intSet2.add(3); intSet2.add(4); IntSet intersection = intSet1.intersection(intSet2); IntSet union = intSet1.union(intSet2); IntSet complement = intSet1.complement(intSet2); System.out.println (INTERSEECTION); // Output [2, 3] System.out.println (union); // Output [1, 2, 3, 4] System.out.println (Complement); // Output [1] 3. Sorting data structure: Excalibur Collections uses sorted data structures (such as SortedArray and SortedArraylist) to provide an efficient and orderly collection.These data structures use a dual -point search algorithm to quickly position the elements, so as to provide lower time complexity in inserting, deleting and searching. The following is an example of sorting collection of Excalibur Collections: SortedSet<Integer> sortedSet = new SortedArraySet<>(); sortedSet.add(3); sortedSet.add(1); sortedSet.add(2); System.out.println (sortedSet); // Output [1, 2, 3] System.out.println (sortedset.contains (2)); // output true System.out.println (sortedset.contains (4)); // Output false The technical principles of the Excalibur Collections framework in the Java class library are mainly concentrated in optimizing and improving the efficiency of collection operations.By using a compressed storage structure, position diagram, and sorted data structure, the framework can provide higher performance and efficiency when processing large -scale data sets.Whether it is a simple position or a complicated collection operation, Excalibur Collections can provide developers with an efficient solution.